Madaxweynahii Hore ee Soomaaliya Allaha u Naxariistee Maxamed Siyaad Barre Ma Run baa in uu Rabay Soomaaliya in ay la Midowdo Itoobiya Shuruud la’aan? ( Fadlan Walaal Akhri Qeybtii Koowaad Warbixin Arimahaas ka Hadleysa )

Madaxweynahii Hore ee Soomaaliya Allaha u Naxariistee Maxamed Siyaad Barre Ma Run baa in uu Rabay Soomaaliya in ay la Midowdo Itoobiya Shuruud la’aan? ( Fadlan Walaal Akhri Qeybtii Koowaad Warbixin Arimahaas ka Hadleysa )

Sanadka 1977-kii waa waqtigii ay kacsaneyd cadaawaddii ka dhexeeysay labada dal ee  Soomaaliya iyo Itoobiya. Cadaawadaas oo ku saabsaneyd lahaanshaha dhulka loo yaqaanno Soomaali Galbeed. Maadaama waqtigaa ay Soomaaliya iyo Itoobiya la jaal ahaayeen Midowga Soofiyeeti (Soviet Union), una kala  tartamaayeen in qolo walba ay  soo leexsato taageeridda Midowgii Soofiyeeti.

Laba sano ka hor intii uusan bilaaban dagaalkii qaraaraa ee Soomaaliya iyo Itoobiya ayaa waxaa jirtay in madaxdii Somaaliyeed ee markaa talada haysey ay dageen shax ama xeelad siyaasadeeysan oo ay ugu talo galeen in la isaga horkeeno Itoobiya oo berrigaas tageerada reer Galbeed haysatay, iyo dalalka hantiwadaagga waliba. Shaxdaas waxey aheyd in Soomaaliya ay soo jeediso in midow siyaasadeed ay la gasho Itoobiya. Dalabkaas waxaa ku xirnaa shuruudo. Shuruudahaas waxaa ugu horeeyay, uguna muhiimsanaa in dawladda Itoobiya ay Soomaaliya ku wareejiso dhulkii Soomaali Galbeed oo dhan markaas ka dibna ay suurtogal noqon karto iney la midowdo Itoobiya. Dalabkaas waxaa ku gacanseeray Tefari Banti oo ka mid ahaa waqtigaas madaxdii sare ee Itoobiya.

Madaxweyne Maxamed Siyaad Barre ayaa asagoo hadal ka jeedinaya maalinta Ciiddul Fitriga sanadku markuu ahaa 1976, ayuu wuxuu yiri:
“Soomaaliya markasta waxay isku dayday inay si nabad ah ula heshiiso Itoobiya oo la xaliyo muranka ka dheexaya labadal dal ee ku saabsan dhulka ay gumeysato. Dhowr ergo diblomaasiyadeed baan u dirnay, markasta wey na dafireen. Soomaaliya markasta waxay raadisaa waddada wanaaga ah laakiin Itoobiya marna ma ogolaan in arintan nabad lagu xaliyo… Tefari Banti oo ka mid ah madaxda Itoobiya dhowr jeer buu so jeediyey in Itoobiya iyo Soomaaliya xal nabaddeed ka gaaran muranka dhulka laakiin wuu diiday inuu la fariisto Soomaaliya. Soomaaliya waxay muujisay iney markasta nabad rabto, waxaana ay ka codsatay wadamada Tanzaniya, Uganda, Midowga Sofiyeeti iyo Yugoslavia iney dhex-dhexaadiyaan labada dal… Ugu dambeeyn, waxaan shir la qaatay Itoobiya inaan la sameeyo midow hadii uu soo celiyo dhulka ka maqan Soomaaliya.” (Raadiyo Muqdisho,1976)

Arintii ay soo jeedisay  Dawladda Soomaaliya ee ahayd midow shuruud ku xiran ayey Wasaaradda Arimaha Dibadda ee Itoobiya waxay ku jawaabtay dafiraad:
“Dawladda Itoobiya wax muran dhuleed  ah kalama dhaxeeyo Soomaaliya. Hadalkii uu soo jeediyey Madaxweynaha Soomaaliya ee ahaa in Itoobiya ay la midowdo Soomaaliya waa war been ah, oo aan sal & raad toona lahayn. Soomaaliya waxay wadaa dhul-balaarsi. Sidaas awgeed, waxaan mar kale ku celinaynaa ineysan jirin muran dhuleed ka dhaxeeya labada dal.” (Radio Itoobiya, ayaa warkan baahiyey sanadkii 1976-kii)

Sida aan horay usoo sheegayba, arrintaas waxaa looga gol lahaa in la iska hor keeno Itoobiya iyo Midowga Sofiyeet. Sababtoo ah waxey dawladda Somaliya ogeyd in Itoobiya aysan marnaba ogolaan doonin iney wareejiso dhulka Soomaali Galbeed. Sidaas darteedna Itoobiya loogu muujiyo iney tahay gumeeyste madoow oo badalay gumeeystihii cadaa, markaasna loogu aqoonsado Itoobiya waddan aan si dhab ah u qaadan mabda’a hantiwadaagga (Socialism). Xasuusnoow in ay dastuurkii xisbigii markaas talada hayay ay ku jirtay in dhulkii Soomaaliya ka maqnaa marka hore nabad lagu raadsho.

Waxaa ayadana in la xuso mudan in isla shaxdaas mid la mid ah ay dawlada Soomaaliya u soo jeedisay dawladda Kenya. Taasoo aheyd in Kenya iyo Somaliya ay siyaasad ahaan midoobaan laakiinse marka hore ay Kenya soo wareejiso dhulka loo yaqaanno NFD. Sida dadka xog-ogaalka ahi ka dharagsan yihiinna Kenya waa ay diiday soo jeedintaas. Soomaaliya oo ka faaideysaneysa hab dibloomaasi tusaysana Beesha Caalamka iney Soomaaliya markasta nabad raadineyso, oo diyaar u tahay iney gorgor tanto laakiin dawladdaha deriska ah ay diidan yihihiin.Markey Itoobiya taagero military ka waysay Mareykanka, madaama baqdin dagaal ku soo fool lahaa, ayey u jiheysatay dhanka Midowga Sofiyeeti ayagoo ololayn adag u galay. Waxay xoojiyeen mab’da hantiwadaagga, Midowga Sofiyeet oo aad u danaynaayey iney Itoobiya dhankeeda u soo wareegto, xiriirkana u gooyso Maraynaka, baa soo jeedisay qorshe midow madaama Soomaaliya iyo Itoobiya ay yihiin  labo dal oo ku dhaqma mabda’a hantiwaddaaga. Hadaba si ay uga dhaadiciyaan Soomaaliya iyo Itoobiya fikirkaas, waxay labada dal u direen madaxweynahii hore ee dalka Kuuba Fidel Kastro si uu uga dhaadhiciyo  qorshahas.

Imaatinka Fidel Kastro ee Muqdisho, Bishii Maarso Sanadkii 1977-kii ayaa waxaa furmay wadahal u dhaxeeyey guddiga Madaxweyne Kastro iyo Dawladdii Soomaaliya. Dawladda Soomaliya waxaa matalayey, Madaxweyne Maxamed Siyaad Barre, Maxaxweyne-ku-xigeen Ismaaciil Cali Abukar, Gudoomiyaha Arimaha Dibadda C/raxmaan Caydiid, Gudoomiyaha guddiga Xisbiga Ibraahim Meygaag Samatar, Wasiirka Warfaafinta Cabdiqaasim Salaad Xasan iyo agaasimaha Wasaaradda Arimaha Dibadda C/raxmaan Jaamac Barre waxaana warkan baahiyey Idaacaddii qaranka ee (Radio Muqdisho Sanadkii 1977). Fidel Kastro wuxuu soo jeediyey in laga fiicanyahay in labo dal oo hantiwaddaag ay cadow isu yihiin, sidaas awgeedna ay  fiican tahay in ay  midoobaan. Siyaad Barre wuxuu ku jawaabay iney arintaas mar hore soo jeediyeen laakiin Itoobiya ay diiday. Waxa uuna sheegay in Soomaaliya markasta nabad rabto laakiin  laga marmaan tahay in ay shuruuda ay soo jeedisay la fuliyo. Kastro oo diidmo badan kala kulmay Soomaaliya baa soo jeediyey in wadahadal dhex-dhaxaadin ah oo u dhaxeeya Mingistu iyo Siyaad Barre laga furo Magaalada Cadan ee Dalka Yemanta Koonfureed. Siyaad Barre wuu aqbalay madaama arintaan uu Midowga Sofiyeeti dabada ka  riixaysay, loolan diplomaasina la ciyaarayey. 

Fadlan walaal Share dheh oo la wadaag walaalaha kale si ay u aqriyaan warbixintan.

Raadraaca Warbixintan.

Wareysi Maxamed Siyaad Barre. (1977, May 19). Al-Ahram.
Bayaan ku saabsan xiriirka Itoobiya iyo Soomaaliya . (1976, October 14). Addis Ababa: Radio Itoobiya.
Castro, F. (1985). Fidel Castro speeches, 1984-85. New York: Pathfinder Press.
Freedman, R. O. (1979). World politics and the Arab-Israeli conflict. New York: Pergamon Press.
Wareysi Mingustu Haile Maryam. (1977, November 28). L’UNITA, p. 1.
Maxaweynaha u hadal ku baaqay Itoobiya. (1976, September 25). Muqdisho: Radio Muqdisho.
Memorandum of conversation between Soviet acting Charge d’affaires in Ethiopia S. Sinitsin andEthiopian official Maj. Berhanu Bayeh, March 18, 1977, History and Public Policy Program Digital Archive, TsKhSD, f. 5, op. 73, d. 1638, ll. 93-97)
Nurthen, W. A. (1980). Soviet strategy in the Red Sea basin. NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA.
Porter, B. D. (1984). The USSR in Third World conflicts: Soviet arms and diplomacy in local wars, 1945-1980. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
“Transcript of Meeting between US Secretary of State Alexander M. Haig, Jr., and Cuban Vice Premier Carlos Rafael Rodriguez, Mexico City,,” November 23, 1981, History and Public Policy Program Digital Archive, TsKhSD, f. 5, op. 84, d. 584, ll. 1-27; translation by Bruce McDonald; document obtained by Carter-Brezhnev Project and on file at National Security Archive
Ulianovskii, R. A. (n.d.). REPORT concerning a trip to the Democratic Republic of Somali by a delegation from the CC SED from 31 January-1 February 1977 (Vol. 5, pp. 1-5, Rep.). TsKhSD.
Wadahadal Kuba iyo Soomaaliya. (1977, March 14). Muqdisho: Radio Muqdisho.

Qalinkii: Maxamed Ibrahim Shire.